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In other words, it's a bet. .

The difficulty level of the most recent block at the time of writing is about 7,184,404,942,701. That is, the chance of a pc producing a hash beneath the goal is 1 in 7,184,404,942,701 less than 1 in seven trillion. That amount is adjusted every 2016 blocks, or about every two weeks, with the goal of keeping rates of mining constant.

The opposite is also correct. If computational power is taken off of the network, the problem adjusts downward to make mining easier. .

"Say I tell three friends that I'm thinking of a number between 1 and 100, and that I write that number on a sheet of paper and seal it in an envelope. My friends don't need to guess the specific number, they just must be the very first person to figure any number that is less than or equal to the number I'm thinking of.

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"Let us say I'm thinking about the number 19. If Friend A guesses 21they lose because 21>19. If Friend B guesses 16 and Friend C supposes 12, then they have both theoretically arrived at workable answers, since 16<19 and 12<19. There is no'extra credit' for Friend B, even though B's answer was closer to the goal answer of 19. .

"Now imagine that I present the'guess what number I am thinking of' question, however I am not asking only 3 friends, and I'm not thinking of a number between 1 and 100. Instead, I'm asking millions of would-be miners and I am thinking of a 64-digit hexadecimal number. Now you see that it's going to be extremely hard to guess the ideal answer." .

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If 1 in 7 trillion doesn't sound hard enough as is, here's the grab to the grab. Not only do bitcoin miners need to think of the ideal hash, but they also have to be the very first to do it.

Since bitcoin mining is essentially guesswork, arriving at the right answer before another miner has almost everything to do with how fast your computer can create hashes. Just a decade ago, bitcoin miners could be performed competitively on normal desktop computers. Over time, however, miners realized that graphics cards commonly used for video games tend to be more effective at mining than desktops and graphics processing units (GPU) came to dominate the match.

These can run from $500 into the tens of thousands. .

Today, my sources bitcoin mining is so competitive it can only be done profitably using all the most up-to-date ASICs. When using desktop computers, GPUs, or elderly versions of ASICs, the cost of energy consumption actually exceeds the revenue generated. Even with the newest unit at your disposal, one pc is seldom enough to compete with exactly what miners call"mining pools" .

A mining pool is a group of miners that combine their computing ability and divide the mined bitcoin between participants. A disproportionately high number of blocks are mined by pools rather than by individual miners. In July 2017, mining pools and companies represented roughly 80% to 90% of bitcoin computing power. .

Between 1 in 7 trillion odds, scaling difficulty levels, and also the huge network of users verifying transactions, one block of transactions is verified roughly every 10 minutes. However, its important to remember that 10 minutes is a target, not a rule.

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The bitcoin network can process about seven transactions per second, with transactions being logged in the blockchain each 10 minutes. As the network of bitcoin users continues to grow, but the number of transactions made in 10 minutes will eventually exceed the number of transactions that can be processed in 10 minutes.

This issue at the center of the bitcoin protocol is known as scaling. Even though bitcoin miners generally agree that something has to be done in order to address scaling, there is less consensus regarding how can it. In the time of writing, there are two major solutions to this scaling problem, either (1) to decrease the amount of information needed to confirm each block or (2) to increase the number of transactions that each block can save.

Solution 2 will deal with scaling by allowing for much more information to be processed each 10 minutes. .

In July 2017, bitcoin miners and mining companies representing roughly 80% to 90% of their networks computing electricity required to incorporate a program that would reduce the amount of information needed to confirm each block. In other words, they went with Solution 1.

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The app which miners voted to add to the bitcoin protocol is known as a segregated witness, or SegWit. This expression is an amalgamation of Segregated, meaning to separate, and Witness, which describes signatures on a bitcoin transaction. Segregated Witness, then, means to separate transaction signatures from a block and attach them within an extended block.